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MontaukOS/kernel/src/Hal/MSR.hpp
T

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2.2 KiB
C++

/*
* MSR.hpp
* Model-Specific Register read/write helpers
* Copyright (c) 2025 Daniel Hammer
*/
#pragma once
#include <cstdint>
namespace Hal {
inline uint64_t ReadMSR(uint32_t msr) {
uint32_t lo, hi;
asm volatile("rdmsr" : "=a"(lo), "=d"(hi) : "c"(msr));
return ((uint64_t)hi << 32) | lo;
}
inline void WriteMSR(uint32_t msr, uint64_t value) {
uint32_t lo = (uint32_t)(value & 0xFFFFFFFF);
uint32_t hi = (uint32_t)(value >> 32);
asm volatile("wrmsr" : : "a"(lo), "d"(hi), "c"(msr));
}
// Well-known MSR addresses
static constexpr uint32_t IA32_EFER = 0xC0000080;
static constexpr uint32_t IA32_STAR = 0xC0000081;
static constexpr uint32_t IA32_LSTAR = 0xC0000082;
static constexpr uint32_t IA32_FMASK = 0xC0000084;
static constexpr uint32_t IA32_PAT = 0x00000277;
// PAT memory type encodings
static constexpr uint8_t PAT_UC = 0x00; // Uncacheable
static constexpr uint8_t PAT_WC = 0x01; // Write Combining
static constexpr uint8_t PAT_WT = 0x04; // Write Through
static constexpr uint8_t PAT_WP = 0x05; // Write Protect
static constexpr uint8_t PAT_WB = 0x06; // Write Back
static constexpr uint8_t PAT_UCM = 0x07; // UC- (UC minus)
// Program PAT so entry 1 = WC (default is WT).
// PAT index is selected by PTE bits: PAT(bit7) | PCD(bit4) | PWT(bit3)
// Entry 0 (000) = WB — normal memory (unchanged)
// Entry 1 (001) = WC — framebuffers (was WT)
// Entry 2 (010) = UC- — (unchanged)
// Entry 3 (011) = UC — MMIO registers (unchanged)
// Entries 4-7: unchanged from defaults
inline void InitializePAT() {
uint64_t pat =
((uint64_t)PAT_WB << 0) | // Entry 0: WB
((uint64_t)PAT_WC << 8) | // Entry 1: WC (was WT)
((uint64_t)PAT_UCM << 16) | // Entry 2: UC-
((uint64_t)PAT_UC << 24) | // Entry 3: UC
((uint64_t)PAT_WB << 32) | // Entry 4: WB
((uint64_t)PAT_WT << 40) | // Entry 5: WT
((uint64_t)PAT_UCM << 48) | // Entry 6: UC-
((uint64_t)PAT_UC << 56); // Entry 7: UC
WriteMSR(IA32_PAT, pat);
}
}